Piston



March 30,1926. 1,578,315

w. R. HESLEWOOD PISTON Filed April 30, 1925 jinienfor.

- 1717111001 1?. 1i: [ell/00d;

\T ii it-111i? 16 Atarfley Patented Mar. 30, 1926. v I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEQ I WILLIAM RL HESLEWOOD, OF LOS ANGELES, GALIFORltTIA.

PISTON.

Application filed April 30, 925. Serial No. 26341;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM R. Hnsrzewoon, a citizen of the United Sta-tes, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pistons, of which the following is a specification.

- This invention particularly pertains to a piston for internal combustion engines, and

especially relates to an end attachment for engine pistons adapted to cooperate with the usual piston rings in closing the clearance between the piston and the cylinder wall encompassing same.

An object of this invention is to provide an engine piston with means whereby it will be maintained in proper alignment and held against rocking while operating in an engine cylinder, whereby piston slap will be 720 prevented and whereby the piston'rings will be caused to seat true on the cylinder walls.

Another object to is provide an attachment for engine pistons the use of which will permit of greater piston clearance and 5 thus obviate any necessityv of 'fini'shing the piston to a close fit, thereby lessening the cost of manufacture of the piston proper, which attachment is adapted to take up the wear to which eng'ine'pistons are-ordinarily subjected so that the piston willinot wear out; the attachment being removable when excessively worn, which will further obviate the use of over-sized pistons when the engine cylinders become worn or are rebored, and which will serve to preventexcessof lubricating oil from working past the-piston. Another object is to provide an 'expansible ring adapted to be mounted on the lower end of a piston to form the end edge of the latter and to provide a simple and effective means foriattaching the ring to the piston whereby it may be removed or replaced without requiring special tools or skill.

With the foregoing objects in view, together with such otherobjectsand advantages as may subsequently-appear, the invention is preferably carried into effect by the construction, arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described "and claimed and illustrated by way of example inthe accompanying drawings, in which:

- Fig. 1 is a view of the piston as seen in side elevation, partly in vertical section;

Fig. 2- is a bottom end view of the piston;

,jecting bosses 12 apertured to receive a wrist Fig.3 is a view in side elevation partly in vertical section of the expansible ring attachment for the lower end of'the piston;

Fig. 4 is an inverted plan View of the ring shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a detail in vertical section of the piston body with the expansible ring removed;

Fig. 6 is an inverted end ton body shown in Fig. 5; I Fig. 7 is a plan view of a clamping ring employed in connecting the expansible ring to the piston body; l ig. 8 is anenlarged detail in .section'as seen on the line 8-8 of Fig. 2showing-the. manner of locking the expansible ring on the piston body; and I i Fig. 9" is a detail in section illustrating a modified form of the invention. 1; More specific-ally, A indicates theobody of a piston which is here shown as comprising a cylindrical side walllO, 'whichuis formed with the usual piston ring grooves llladja- View of the piscent the upper end thereof, and also embodying diametrically opposed inwardly propin 13 for attachment to a connecting rod, as. 1s common in engine piston construction. In carrying out my invention the lower end of the piston is fitted withan expansible ring, B whichis preferably in the form of an apron as sho-wnin Fig. 1, to constitute the lower margin of the piston, and which ring or apron is adapted to be expandedand contracted circumferentiallyv and to this end is formed 7 with a' diagonal slit 14. The ring or apron B is demountably attached to the lower end of'the piston by means of fastenings which constitute the essence of the present invention which are essentially of such character as to permit slight circumferential" and radial movement of the ring or apron B relative to the piston body and yet of such character as to oppose vertical movement of the piston body and ring relative to each other. For this purpose the upper margin of the ring B is formed with a series of spaced inwardly projecting flanges 15, here shown asa'fo'ur, in number. Thelower or under faces 16 of the flanges 15 extend flat substantially at right angles to 9 the inner peripheryof the ring while the upper or-to-p faces 17 of the flanges 15 are beveled or inclined inwardly from the margin of the ring.

The lower end] of the piston body 15 formed with downwardly projecting spaced flanges 18 on the lower ends of which are formed outwardly projecting shoulders or ledges 19, the upper faces of which are spaced downwardly from beneatlrthe underside the lower end-of the piston to form channels adapted to receive the flanges115 of the ring 13. The flanges 18 with their ness of the flanges or the ring B so as to companion shoulders 19 correspond in numher to the flanges 15 on the ring and the adjacent flanges 18 are spaced apart a dis tanceslightly greater than the width or length of the flanges 15 on the ring B. The distance between the .upper faces of the shoulders 19 and the end of the piston body isslightly greater than the height or thickatford a space and adapted tobe interposed between the beveled face of the flanges 15 and the lo'werend of the piston is afsplit 'ring20 having a flat upper face and a beveled lower face. q

' A pair of the flanges 18'are formed on diametrically opposite sides of the piston iminediately below the bosses 12and formed in the shoulders 19 on these flanges 18 are openings 21 which extend opposite the openings'23 leading through the bosses 12 and through bushings: 24 in the latter, which openings are adapted to receive pins 25 to position the latter across the bosses'lQ at "the ends of the wrist pin 18 to hold the latter against longitudinal movement. One of the shoulders 19, intermediate those formed with the openings 21, is formed,

with an aperture 26 and formed in the end flange of the piston body opposite the opening 26 is a corresponding aperture 27,-particularly shown in" Fig. 8, which apertures 26 and 27 are designed to receive a cotter pin 29, which pin is put in place after the ring B is positioned on the piston body together with the split ring 20, the rings B and 20 being positioned with their split portions lying opposite the apertures 26 to permit placing of the cotter pin.

In the application of the invention the wrist pin 13 is first put in place, whereupon the pins 25 are positioned in the openings 23 to extend adjacent the ends of the wrist pin and the split ring 20 is disposed around the flanges 18 with its ends positio-nedon opposite sidesof the openings 26 and 27 the split ring being then contracted by a into the position shown in Fig. i whereupon the ring 20 is allowed to expand, which, by reason of the inclined lower face of the ring seating on the inclined upper faces vo't'the flange 15 willact wedge fashion under the tension of thesplit ring 20 to crowd the flanges 15 against the shoulders 19 and thereby securely clamp the expan-. sion ring against displacement and, yet permit of expansion and contraction of the latter both diametrically and circumferentially. The cotter pin 29 is then put in place to lock the parts against disengagement. I

In the form of the invention just described the expansionring B will be positionedto extend downwardly below the lower end of the piston body as shown in Figs. 1 and 8. In the modified form-of the invention shown in Fig. 9 the lower end of the piston body is formed with areduced'portion as indicated at 31 and the expansion ring is inverted and mounted'on the lower end of the piston body so as to extend overthe-reduced portion 31. In this arrangement the clamping'ring 20 is disposed so as to seat on the shoulders 19 and-to bear upwardly with a wedge action against the flanges 15, and the uppermargin of the expansion ring is expanded soas to project beyond the'end of the wrist @pin 13 to, prevent the latter from shifting longitudinally.

I claiin:-

1; A' piston comprisinga piston body, having. a series of spaced outwardly extendingshoulders on its lower end, and an expansion ring formed with a series of spaced inwardly extending flanges adapted to be positioned to extendinto the spaces formed above said shoulders, and means engaging the flanges on said expansion ring torclamp ing the latter in place on the piston body.

2. A piston comprising a piston body, having a series of spaced outwardly extending .1. 10'

shoulders onits lowerend, and an expansion ring formed with a series of spaced inwardly extending flanges adaptedto be positioned to extend into the space formed above said shoulders, and a tensioned split ring 7 adapted to be positioned to bear on said flanges to clamp the expansion ring in posi tion on the piston body. v

3. A piston comprising a pistonbody, havinga series of spaced outwardly extending a shoulders on its'lower end, and an expan- .120

sion ring formed with. a series of spaced inwardly extending-flanges adapted to be posi-' tioned to extend into the space formed above said shoulders, a tensioned split ring adapted to be'positioned to bear on said flanges to clamp the expansion ring in position on the piston body, and means whereby said split ring will exert a wedge action on said flanges.

4. A piston comprising a piston'body,hav- 7 ing a series of spaced outwardly extending shoulders on its lower end, an expansion ring formed with a series of spaced inwardly extending flanges adapted to be positioned to extend into the space formed above said shoulders. a tension split ring adapted to be positioned to bear on said flanges to clamp the expansion ring in position on the piston body, and means operable to limit circumferentlal movement of the expansion ring and the split ring.

5. In a piston, a piston body formed with a series of spaced downwardly projecting end flanges having outwardly projecting. shoulders thereon, an expansion ring formed with a series of inwardly extending spaced flanges having inclined upper faces, said flanges being, adapted to be positioned to seat on said shoulders, and a tensioned split ring having an inclined face adapted to be seated on the inclined faces of the flanges on the tension ring and to exert a Wedge action thereon. V I 6. In a piston, a piston body, a wrist pin extending diametrically of said body, pins carried by said piston body extending across the ends of said wrist pins to hold the latter against longitudinal movement, an expansion ring carried on the lower end of said piston, and means for detachably connecting said expansion ring to said piston body, and

means operable when the expansion ring is in place to hold said pins against displace- I inent.

WILLIAM 1a., HESLEWOOD. 

